Children’s Bible Program – Level 1: NT Lesson 18 “Jesus and the Little Children”

Featured Passage: Luke 18


Asset-21@2x

God the Father sent Jesus to do a work, and there was so much work to do. Jesus traveled throughout the region preaching the gospel of the Kingdom of God and healing the sick. He was very busy doing all His Father’s commands. One day, some people came with little children to see Jesus. The disciples tried to help by telling the people to go away. But when Jesus saw what they were doing, he called to them. The disciples were about to learn a lesson from Jesus about little children.

Asset-22@2x

Discuss:

  1. Why do you think the disciples did not want the little children brought to Jesus? 
  2. What was Jesus’ attitude toward the little children? Children are very special to God the Father and Jesus Christ (Psalm 127:3) which means He thinks you are very special too!
  3. What did Jesus do to the children when they were brought to Him (Mark 10:16)? The Church continues this practice by blessing little children in a ceremony during the Feast of Tabernacles. What do you think were some of the blessings Christ gave the little children?
  4. What did Jesus say the rich young ruler should do to inherit eternal life? 
  5. Why do you think the young man went away feeling sad? What lesson was Jesus trying to teach him?
Asset-23@2x

Memory Challenge:

Luke 18:16 

“But Jesus called them to Him and said, ‘Let the little children come to Me, and do not forbid them; for of such is the kingdom of God.’”


Children’s Bible Program – Level 2: NT Lesson 18 “Paul and Barnabas”

Featured Passage: Acts 11-14


Asset-21@2x

After Peter had met and baptized Cornelius, Peter went to Jerusalem and explained to the brethren there that God intended people from all nations to be part of His Church. The Church was growing quickly, so the Apostles sent a man named Barnabas to Antioch to shepherd the flock there. It was in Antioch that the brethren were first called Christians. God was calling more and more people, so Barnabas went looking for Saul to help.

Asset-22@2x

Discuss:

  1. Why did Barnabas seek out Saul? Where did Barnabas find him? 
  2. What miracle did God perform after Peter had been thrown in prison?
  3. What were the disciples doing when Peter was in prison? 
  4. What other name did Saul use? 
  5. What were Paul and Barnabas sent out to do?
  6. What did the people in Lystra do to Paul and Barnabas after Paul healed a man who was born lame? What happened to Paul after some people from Antioch came to Lystra and stirred them up? 
  7. What happened to Paul in Derbe? Why do you think he went back into the city? 
  8. What kinds of things did Paul do at each congregation to ensure its stability?
Asset-23@2x

Memory Challenge:

Acts 14:22

“We must through many tribulations enter the kingdom of God.”


Children’s Bible Program – Level 3: NT Lesson 18 “Letters of John”

Featured Passage: 1, 2, & 3 John


Asset-21@2x

John had been with Jesus from the beginning of His ministry. He left his work as a fisherman to follow Jesus and be a “fisher of men”. The young John and his brother James with their zealous, fiery disposition were called “sons of thunder” by Jesus Christ (Mark 3:17). Now John was old, and far from being a “son of thunder”, he became known as the apostle of love. John writes about godly love more than any other author in the New Testament. Many of the other Apostles had faced martyrdom including his brother James. The young Church was suffering persecution from the Jews and the Roman authorities, as heresies began causing problems among the brethren. John was one of the only ones left to address the problems.

Asset-22@2x

Discuss:

  1. What is sin? In what scripture does John give a definition for sin?
  2. What is the difference between committing a sin and practicing sin? What should Christians do when they commit a sin?
  3. What does John mean when he says we are not to love the world? How do we walk in the light?
  4. How did the Father and Jesus Christ show their love for mankind?
  5. How did John say we show our love for God?
  6. How are we assured that our prayers will be answered (1 John 5:14-15)?
  7. What did John say Christians should do if someone tries to bring them a false doctrine? What would you do if your friend tried to pressure you to do something you know is not right? Come up with a few scenarios and talk through what you would do.
Asset-23@2x

Memory Challenge:

1 John 5:2-3 

“By this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and keep His commandments. For this is the love of God, that we keep His commandments. And His commandments are not burdensome.”


Course Spotlight: Easter or Passover?

In some of our online courses, we have a “Student Thoughts” section where we ask a question to see what the students think. In our course on the Biblical Passover, we asked the question:

If you had to defend why you don’t keep Easter, and the reasons you keep the Passover to someone in the world, how would you explain your beliefs in a concise way while keeping in mind the principle from Matthew 10:16, “be wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.”?

Take a look at some of the responses below!


“I would politely explain that I kept the Feasts God instructed us to keep, as we were instructed in the pages of the Bible. This would give me an opportunity to explain my joy of finding the answer to what had always puzzled me even as a child since I could count — How I could not reconcile Friday crucifixion and Sunday morning as being three and one half days, and that I also found how rabbits and eggs sneaked into the picture…Depending on my listener’s reaction I would also add the prophecy Christ Himself gave of Jonah and the fish.”

-MS

“If I were confronted about why I keep the Passover instead of Easter, I would explain that I keep the Feasts and Holy Days that Christ and the Disciples kept in the New Testament. I would explain that Easter is not in the Bible and if it is, it is a mistranslation of the word Pascha which means Passover. Also God tells us that He will not accept pagan rituals in worship of Him and when people keep the traditions of Easter, they are not keeping God’s commandment to keep the Passover. They are in fact worshiping a fertility goddess called Eostre who’s origin is pagan. I would tell them to do some research on the origin of Easter.”

-AL

“My defense for observing Passover instead of Easter would be that mathematics rules out my observance of Easter. In Matthew 12:40, Jesus said, ‘For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.’ Easter keepers are saying that Jesus was in the heart of the earth only two nights and one day, which is only half of the time He stated would prove him to be the Messiah. Concisely stated, I observe Passover because I really do believe that Christ was the promised Messiah, who now sits at the right hand of the Father as our intercessor. Stated another way, if Easter depicts the actual time between Christ’s burial and His resurrection, we have no Savior!”

-RM

Assembly Summary: Build Your House

Author: Juliette McNair | Student, Living Education Charlotte 2021


Estimated reading time: 3 minutes, 38 seconds.

Mr. Lawdi Ferreira spoke to Living Ed students over a Webex video conference. Table Mountain—one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World—towered above Cape Town in Mr. Ferreira’s virtual background. “I’m using this to attract you to come to Cape Town for the Feast.” Mr. Ferreira has three kids, and he pastors congregations in South Africa and Zimbabwe. He began, “I want to start off by telling a story of a builder.”

There was a master builder who decided to retire to enjoy a more relaxed life. But when he approached his boss about retiring, he was asked to build one more house as a personal favor. He agreed, and he began to build one last home. Yet his heart was not in his work, and he constructed the house poorly. When he finished, to his surprise, his boss handed him the keys to the house—it was a final gift to the builder.

“There is so much meaning in that story for you and me. You and I are building our spiritual houses right now.” Yet, Mr. Ferreira explained, God offers the help the students will need to build a strong spiritual life. 1 Corinthians 3:9-10 reads, “… you are God’s building… But let each one take heed how he builds on it.” Mr. Ferreira said, “I would like to give you three keys to help you build a strong spiritual house.

Build on the Right Foundation

Young people can be full of exciting dreams of what they want to do in their future. Mr. Ferreira called it “a wonderful time of life.” He advised the students to recognize this period as crucial—their future decisions hinge on the choices they make now. A Christian’s foundation should be Christ (1 Corinthians 3:11). Mr. Ferreira asked, “How do you ensure that you build on Christ?” He turned to Luke 6:46-48, where Christ defined the man who built his house on a rock as the man who heard and lived by His sayings. Mr. Ferreira encouraged the students to build their foundation by examining their choice of movies, music, games, social media, friends, conversation, and career choices and ask, Would Christ approve?

Don’t Compromise

When Mr. Ferreira was nineteen, he and a friend went to the U.K. to work and save for college. Yet every job he applied to required him to work on the Sabbath. His friend pushed him to compromise, and on their third day in London, he had only seven dollars left. That day, he found a job that would accommodate the Sabbath. “God was testing me to the end—but, interestingly, I never had that trial again there.” Learning not to compromise can be “an expensive lesson to learn.” Matthew 6:33 contains a Christian’s foremost mission—to seek the Kingdom—and nothing should compromise that goal. But, Mr. Ferreira emphasized, “God will give the outcome, just don’t compromise.”

Look Ahead to Your Future

The marshmallow test famously assesses a child’s ability to delay gratification: a child is told he can have one marshmallow now, or two later if he waits. Mr. Ferreira’s son was given this test. The teacher told him he could have two marshmallows if he waited until after a conversation. Later, Mr. Ferreira was told his son—while he didn’t hear a word of the conversation—waited and passed the test. “Our ability to sacrifice the present for the future is very crucial.” Human nature makes people “want what they want and want it now.” Just as Esau sold his birthright for some stew (Genesis 25:29-34), Christians can lose sight of what is truly valuable. “The world that Satan creates is very attractive,” like a cardboard box iced with frosting to appear like a cake. 2 Peter 2:15-21 speaks of Christians who return and entangle themselves with the sins of the world. “We shouldn’t pass by our eternal reward for a short-term reward Satan offers.”

“Make sure you build without regret.”

Mr. Ferreira quoted Annie Dillard: “The way you live your days is the way you live your life.” He exhorted the students to use the opportunity they have in the Church of God now to build a foundation, to stand up in obedience to God without compromise, and to keep their eyes focused on the future. “Yours and my life in God’s Kingdom will be a result of our decisions and attitudes today—it will be a result of how we build our house.”


This post is part of our new series of student-written content for LivingEd-Charlotte. These summaries cover topics originally presented by our faculty and guest speakers in our weekly Forum and Assembly. For more Assembly-related content check out our Second Thoughts posts.

Children’s Bible Program – Level 3: NT Lesson 17 “Timothy Continues in the Faith”

Featured Passage: 1 & 2 Timothy


Asset-21@2x

When Paul and Silas were traveling to visit brethren in some of the newly established congregations, they met a young man named Timothy. From the time he was a little boy, Timothy grew up learning about God’s way of life. His mother Eunice and grandmother Lois followed God and taught Timothy to do the same. Timothy had established a very good reputation with the brethren, so Paul wanted to take Timothy with him on his travels. He wanted to teach and train Timothy to become an evangelist – to serve the brethren and to preach the gospel of the kingdom. On one of their journeys, when they were in Ephesus, Paul noticed that the brethren there needed some more guidance, but he needed to continue traveling to Macedonia. So Paul decided to leave Timothy there to minister to them – but not without giving Timothy some guidance himself.

Asset-22@2x

Discuss:

  1. Timothy was quite young. Can you think of any challenges a young minister might have in a congregation? What might be some advantages?
  2. What were some points of advice that Paul gave Timothy as a young minister?
  3. What qualities was Timothy to look for in men before appointing them bishops (elders) and deacons? 
  4. In his second letter to Timothy, how did Paul describe the Holy Spirit (1 Tim 1:7)? 
  5. What instructions did Paul give concerning widows?
  6. What does it mean to “rightly divide the word of truth”? How do we prepare to do that?
  7. What are some characteristics that Paul mentions people will have at the end of the age? 
  8. After reading the two letters to Timothy, what verses stood out to you the most?
Asset-23@2x

Memory Challenge:

2 Timothy 3:16-17

“All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, thoroughly equipped for every good work.”


Children’s Bible Program – Level 2: NT Lesson 17 “Peter Meets Cornelius”

Featured Passage: Acts 10


Asset-21@2x

Even though the brethren were being persecuted for their belief in Jesus Christ, the disciples continued to spread the gospel of the Kingdom of God and a way of life — “the Way”– everywhere they went. Many of the brethren at the time came from a Jewish background, and to the Jews, anyone who wasn’t Jewish was called a Gentile and was considered to be “unclean”. God did not want anyone to be considered “unclean” anymore, and He had a plan to spread the Gospel to many different kinds of people. To make His plan known, God chose to work through a man named Cornelius.

Asset-22@2x

Discuss:

  1. Who was Cornelius? What type of reputation did he have? Who did Cornelius worship?
  2. What did God tell Cornelius to do?
  3. What did Peter see in the vision while he was on the rooftop? What did Peter conclude the vision meant (Acts 10:28)? (Note: Many people wrongly conclude that this dream meant it was okay to eat unclean food.)
  4. Who was at the house with Cornelius when Peter came?
  5. What happened to Cornelius and his household while Peter was speaking? 
  6. What did Peter do after Cornelius had received the Holy Spirit? 
  7. What did Peter mean when He said “God shows no partiality”? God accepts all those who fear Him regardless of race, ethnicity, or nationality (Romans 2:11).
Asset-23@2x

Memory Challenge:

Acts 10:34-35

“In truth I perceive that God shows no partiality. But in every nation whoever fears Him and works righteousness is accepted by Him.”


Children’s Bible Program – Level 1: NT Lesson 17 “Mary and Martha”

Featured Passage: Luke 10


Asset-21@2x

Jesus traveled all around Galilee and Judea with His disciples, teaching the message of the Gospel of the Kingdom. They often walked many miles and when they arrived in different villages people would sometimes offer to let Jesus and His disciples eat or stay at their houses. One day, they came to a village where a woman named Martha lived with her sister, Mary. Martha invited Jesus to come to her house. Martha busied herself to serve, for there were lots of things to do, so she wasn’t too happy when she realized her sister Mary was sitting down.

Asset-22@2x

Discuss:

  1. Why do you think Martha invited Jesus to come to her house? 
  2. What was Martha doing when Jesus came to her house? What kinds of things often need to be done when a guest comes to your house? 
  3. What was Mary doing? 
  4. How do you think Martha felt when she realized that Mary wasn’t helping her? What did she do?
  5. What did Jesus tell Martha? What does it mean to be distracted? God loves it when we serve, but we should not let it distract us from focusing on and listening to God. 
  6. Mary and Martha appear in other parts of the Bible. Can you name their brother? What happened to their brother? 
  7. Would you say that Mary and Martha were good friends with Jesus Christ? How can we be friends with Jesus (John 15:14)?
Asset-23@2x

Memory Challenge:

Luke 10:42 

“But one thing is needed, and Mary has chosen that good part, which will not be taken away from her.”


Forum Summary: Africa

Author: Juliette McNair | Student, Living Education Charlotte 2021


Estimated reading time: 4 minutes, 45 seconds.

“Today, I’d like to enlarge your view of the world.” Mr. Peter Nathan, the Regional Director of Europe, Africa, and the U.K gave a Forum on the Work in Africa. Some may think of exotic wildlife or the Sahara when they think of this continent. But Mr. Nathan said, “Let me present to you a different view.” Africa represents twenty percent of the land area of the earth. “What does that mean to you and me?” This “continent of extremes” can fit the U.S.A, Japan, China, India, Mexico, and several European countries inside its borders. Mr. Nathan covered the three major spheres of operation for the Church in Africa.

Southern Africa

Mr. Nathan explained that southern Africa “can make you can feel like you’ve experienced the Kingdom of God ahead of time,” as some who have kept the Feast there can confirm. But it is also a region where an entire congregation can be incarcerated on the way home from services. Bordered by Zambia and Malawi in the north and the Cape in the south, this region was introduced to the World Tomorrow in the 60s, when it aired from stations in the Congo and Mozambique. The first baptizing tour in the region occurred in 1961, and an office in Johannesburg was set up in 1963. By the time Mr. Nathan was sent to the region in 1973, there were four congregations in Zimbabwe and six in South Africa, with members scattered around the region. Today, there are 190 members, eleven congregations, three regular Feast sites, and a summer Living Youth Program.

Eastern Africa

“We can focus on the center point: Lake Victoria.” Lake Victoria is the third largest body of freshwater in the world and is a major source of water for Egypt and eastern Africa. In 1975, Mr. Armstrong visited President Jomo Kenyatta of Kenya. From 1975 to the present, the Church has grown in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. There are now 300-600 attendees, 29 congregations, and sixteen elders, with four Feast sites and an annual Living Youth Program in Kenya.

Central and Western Africa

In 1960, two radio stations in Sierra Leone and Nigeria projected Mr. Armstrong’s voice across central and western Africa. While the station in Nigeria brought a healthy response, the broadcast from Sierra Leone did not. Mr. Nathan shared a story: In 1961, a wealthy magistrate in Nigeria wrote to Pasadena asking, Please, come and baptize me and my nineteen wives. Several years later, this man was baptized. Ghana saw its first baptizing tour in 1971, and, two years later, after a civil war, a baptizing tour was conducted in Nigeria. In 1969, a man from eastern Ghana, after listening to the broadcast and studying the Church’s literature, started a congregation following the teachings of Mr. Armstrong. Today, this association has grown to include congregations in Togo, Benin, and Ghana, with an attendance of around 1,700. In 2019, LCG became aware of the group as it uses an identical name in the French language—Mr. Nathan said, “We’ll see what happens.”

Elders

Mr. Juvenal Karibwami speaks French, English, Romanian, and Swahili and serves as an elder in Burundi. In western Africa, Dr. Akin-Ogudeji serves as the area pastor. Mr. Urbain Hazoume, another non-employed elder, was educated in France. He runs a private school he established in Gabon, and his uncle is a king in Badagry, on the border of Nigeria and Benin. Mr. Jackstone Abok is retired and lives in Kenya on the shores of Lake Victoria. Mr. Nathan introduced two farmers from Tanzania who serve the Church: Mr. Ezekiel Mkama and Mr. Adonias Kando. In Nairobi, Mr. Peter Mutula serves as an elder. Mr. Ephraim Abok is the area pastor for western Kenya, while Mr. Simon Muthama is the area pastor for the rest of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda.

Opportunities and Challenges

In the 1950s, Andrew Dugger, “driven by the need to preach the Gospel throughout the world,” began teaching in Africa. Various Church of God Seventh Day Jerusalem congregations were established. Some of these congregations stayed faithful, not only to the Sabbath but to the Holy Days and other true doctrines. After the death of Andrew Dugger, many congregations, including Kenya, Rwanda, and Burundi were left without leadership. In the 90s, one of these congregations in Kenya contacted LCG. Mr. Nathan said, “Increasingly, we find people associated with Worldwide coming to us, because we are continuing to teach the truth they were once taught.”

A significant challenge to the Work in Africa is “the elephant in the room: Islam.” Mr. Nathan drew attention to the fact that he had not mentioned northern Africa. He explained there is little opportunity for the truth in this heavily Muslim region. This is why the Sierra Leone radio station broadcasting the World Tomorrow in the 60s didn’t bring much response. Islam dominates in the north, but, as the fastest-growing religion in Africa, it is fast spreading to the rest of the continent. “Islam is going to create a challenge as we go forward… We need to recognize that the time is short with some of these areas.” Other challenges for the Church in Africa include language translation, religion, travel dangers, and inconsistent technology infrastructure.

God Is Doing a Work

“We have lots of challenges, but God is doing a Work here.” Going forward, Mr. Nathan said Church literature could be translated into Swahili—there are 150 million Swahili speakers who can benefit from this project. The Work and the Church are alive and active in Africa, with hundreds of members spread across the southern, eastern, western, and central regions of the country. Mr. Nathan, with a long history of serving the Church in Africa, concluded, “Having been sent to Africa, I don’t seem to be able to get it out of my blood.”


This post is part of our new series of student-written content for LivingEd-Charlotte. These summaries cover topics originally presented by our faculty and guest speakers in our weekly Forum and Assembly. For more Assembly-related content check out our Second Thoughts posts.

Digging Deeper: Jesus’ Sermon at His Hometown Synagogue

Author: Mr. Kenneth Frank | Faculty in Theology, Living Education


Estimated Reading time: 7 min.

Did you know that Jesus was considered a member of his hometown synagogue congregation and was thereby invited to preach to them on a Sabbath?

I have never preached a sermon in my hometown, although I have done so in my home state. Paul spent several years preaching in his hometown of Tarsus, in today’s nation of Turkey. If you were invited to speak before your hometown congregation, what would you say to them? You may want to be complimentary and grateful to those who witnessed your life changes in their community. This Digging Deeper will explore the first-century Sabbath liturgy in a narrative only Luke records to better understand what happened when Jesus addressed His local congregation.

The Gospel According to Luke records this experience in Luke 4:16-30. It occurs near the beginning of Jesus’ Galilean ministry. This was Jesus’ first visit to the town of Nazareth, where He grew up, since His baptism by John the Baptist. It is important for our understanding of Jesus’ sermon to remember that the Gospels refer to this area as “Galilee of the Gentiles” in the first century. During Pax Romana, the era of “Roman peace”, Galilee was occupied by many non-Jews. Luke records this incident right after reporting Jesus’ temptation by Satan in the wilderness (Luke 4:1-13). However, John’s Gospel inserts His early Judean ministry following His baptism by John the Baptist and His temptation by the Devil. Following that, Luke briefly records Jesus being well-received when He taught in the Galilean synagogues (Luke 4:14-15). Jesus was both a preacher and a teacher, which are different means of communication. Teaching can be more effective than preaching because teachers can turn passive listeners into active participants. Jesus expected a response to His messages from the audience.

The First Century Synagogue

The word synagogue means “assembly.” Perhaps more than any other institution, the synagogue preserved the religion, culture, and special status of the Jewish people. These meeting places originated during the Babylonian captivity of the House of Judah and developed further during the time between the testaments (the Intertestamental Period). These buildings served as places of prayer and worship on the Sabbath. During the week they were transformed into law courts and schools. But on Sabbaths and at festivals they were places of scriptural instruction. Each synagogue was supervised by a board of elders or rulers. One lesser official was called a chazzan, somewhat equivalent to a deacon in Christian churches. The Holy Land offered synagogues not only for native Jews but also for diaspora Jews (those Jews originally from outside the Holy Land). It is estimated there were 480 such synagogues in Jerusalem alone.

In the standard synagogue layout, the main room provided a reading desk upon which scrolls of the Hebrew Bible were unfolded for reading. It was customary to read a portion of the Law and then a portion of the Prophets while standing, out of respect for God’s word. Following that, someone was invited to expound upon the texts for the day, usually based on the reading from the Prophets. Qualified men of the congregation were called upon by the rulers to sit in an assigned seat called “Moses Seat.” I refer you to my recent Digging Deeper article by this same title. Jesus was popularly considered a rabbi, or teacher – John 1:38, 49; 3:2; 6:25. Visiting rabbis were often invited to address the assembly, as was common for the Apostles Paul and Barnabas (Acts 13:13-16). Not only this, being a male member of this congregation entitled Jesus to be called upon to deliver the sermon for the day.

Order of service

Attendance was required for the Sabbaths and Feast days. The congregation faced the ark (chest or cabinet) housing the scripture scrolls in the front of the room. Men sat on one side of the room and women and children on the other or up in a balcony. Those who sat in the front near the reader’s desk were in the “chief seats,” mentioned by Jesus in the Gospels.  Following an opening prayer, the Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary, Vol. 5 reports a typical order of service as follows:

  1. Recitation of the shema – Deuteronomy 6:4-9 – known as “the creed of the Jews”. Part of this read: Deuteronomy 6:4-5 KJV  “Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God is one LORD :  (5)  And thou shalt love the LORD thy God with all thine heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy might.”
  2. The parashah, or reading of the appointed section of the Law – anyone making the least mistake was immediately replaced by someone else.
  3. The haphtarah, or reading of the Prophets.
  4. The derashah, or “investigation, study” – a homily, discourse, or sermon usually given by a member of the congregation, usually based on the Prophets but also could be from the Law.
  5. The bendiction (blessing) – offered by the priest, if one was present. Otherwise, a prayer was offered to conclude. In some places singing of psalms was introduced into the service (Review and Herald Publishing Association, 1980, pp. 57-58).

Luke 4:16 affirms that Sabbath attendance was Jesus’ regular habit. Jesus’ and His apostles and believers always observed the seventh-day Sabbath throughout the New Testament. Following their Master’s example, Christians today regularly attend Sabbath and festival services. Jesus’ example also provides evidence that the seven-day cycle since Creation has not been lost since Christians need only go back to Jesus’ day to verify this. He is the Creator and Lord of the Sabbath (Mark 2:28). Time has not been “lost,” as some assert, since the first century. Jews would not have lost the cycle of days since that time either. They have meticulously recorded their weeks, months, and years for millennia to faithfully observe God’s sacred times. 

He stood up to read

After the synagogue service began with prayer and a reading from the Law, Jesus was invited to read the Prophets portion for the day. The scroll he was handed was that of Isaiah. Possibly, He chose that scroll for this occasion. He stood to read it out of respect for God’s word. In the time of Ezra, not only did Ezra stand to read but the audience did as well (Nehemiah 8:5). The words “to read” in Luke 4:16 imply that Jesus read aloud. He preached in other synagogues, but read only here in Nazareth, showing He was considered a member of this synagogue. The lesson for the day was only read in Hebrew, indicating Jesus knew Hebrew as well as Aramaic (the common language of first-century Jews in the Holy Land), and possibly Greek (the common language of the eastern Roman Empire).

The chazzan would take the scrolls from a cabinet (chest) called “the ark,” to hand to the President of the synagogue who then handed it to the reader for the day. Scrolls were animal skins of parchment on which the sacred words were written in ink. These parchments were rolled on two rollers, or spindles, and were unraveled from the right roller to the left. Unlike many modern languages, Hebrew is read from right to left. As Jesus unrolled the scroll, He read a portion from two passages of Isaiah: Isaiah 61:1-2; Isaiah 58:6. This combining of texts was commonly done in that time to join together passages with a similar theme. This was called gezerah shava, a “comparison of equals”, creating a composite text.

What Jesus read at first brought keen interest, then curiosity, then alarm, and finally hostility. What did Jesus say that brought about a mob action that threatened His very life? Watch for a future Digging Deeper in which I will annotate Luke’s summary of Jesus’ message to that congregation. In the meantime, I encourage you to read and study this entire account in Luke 4:16-30.


Kenneth Frank headshot

Kenneth Frank was born and raised in New Jersey, USA, and attended Ambassador College, graduating in 1973. He served in the Canadian ministry from 1973-1999, after which he returned to the USA to pastor churches in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina for 15 years. Having earned a BA degree from Ambassador College he later earned a MA degree from Grand Canyon University before being assigned to the Charlotte office to teach at Living University, now Living Education. Currently, he teaches the Survey of the Bible course to the on-campus students and writes the Digging Deeper column for our online Bible study program. He is married, has four children, and seven grandchildren.